The plug-in monitor module function and role

Abstract: the development of plug-in module monitor and its technology is very fast, increasing function. This paper introduces the plug-in monitor modules and function.
Key words: monitor module function
Today, with the rapid development of medical science and technology, advanced medical engineering equipment has been widely used. Especially ICU monitor has become one of the most common medical equipment, greatly improve the diagnosis, treatment, nursing. Monitor and its plug-in module technology rapid development, the use of a large number of new technology is increasing the function of monitor. Through continuous, dynamic, accurate monitoring helps to further understand the pathophysiology of critically ill patients, so that clinicians can take timely and targeted treatment, so that the patient's maximum range of benefit.
Multi parameter monitor from the structure can be divided into whole body and plug type two, plug-in monitor characteristics are: modular hardware and software easy function expansion and software upgrade and easy to repair. The disadvantage is relative to the overall cost high, is not easy to move. The plug-in monitor monitoring module and the parameter selection of visual clinical needs the flexibility to choose, because each or each monitoring parameters have their own independent module, these modules can not only on the same monitor different plug-in location arbitrary replacement, but also improve the price of the multi parameter monitor module using independent CPU unit, through the module with its own CPU processing signal is sent to the host bus, host by the monitor, recorder, sound and light alarm, keyboard controller, memory, CPU, shared bus, communication interface and multiple independent channel module.
The author introduces the plug-in monitor modules and function:
ECG module (ECG): routine monitoring function, the corresponding parameters are determined by radio frequency and heart rate, and some models can be measured by using the impedance method. ECG monitoring is generally divided into 3 lead wire or 5 lead line, the clinical general use of the 3 lead line, connecting simple, and can save 2 electrodes, reduce the cost, in the higher requirements of the ECG monitoring department such as the need to choose 5 lead or more accurate 10 lead way, and with ST segment and heart rate disorders analysis and time automatic recording function.
Non invasive blood pressure module (NIBP): the routine monitoring function, for the discontinuous blood pressure measurement, the corresponding parameters have blood pressure value and pulse rate, at present, the manufacturers in the use of the method is generally the same as the shock method, there are manual measurement mode and automatic measurement model.
Blood (SpO2) module: conventional monitoring function, on behalf of the mainstream technology have nellcor and Masimo two techniques, nellcor oxygen saturation measurement technique is the earliest introduction of China and its early existence certain limitations, to the baby, weak pulse, restless patient measurements exist certain difficulties to the, and Masimo measurement technology is used digital measurement technology, for measurement of the patients can obtain more accurate measurements.
Body temperature module (TEMP): routine monitoring function, there are two kinds of measurement methods in the body surface and the cavity, which can be chosen according to the clinical needs.
A blood pressure module (IBP): regular monitoring function for continuous blood pressure monitoring, the more accurate and less invasive blood pressure measurement, but also can be used as a hydraulic pressure monitoring, the disadvantage is that there is no injury to the general condition of the patient does not apply.
Call end carbon dioxide module (ETCO2): special monitoring function, more for the use of breathing machine or anesthesia machine, there are mainstream and the side stream in two ways, the corresponding hardware configuration also has the difference, the main way is to directly connect the sensor to the ventilator pipe or a wound trachea intubation, the side stream is through the sampling tube to the patient's exhaled gas analyzer.
Anesthesia gas detection module (SAM): special monitoring functions, for use in patients with anesthesia machine, CO2, O2, anesthesia gas concentration analysis, can be automatically identified gas category, can provide CO2 waveform, respiratory rate, integrated alarm, graphics and table trends, such as monitoring functions.
Nerve electrophysiological testing module: special monitoring function, according to the different contents of the manufacturers are also different, the general EEG, and some manufacturers also provide auditory evoked potential (AEP), can be used for the operation process of the evaluation of the effect of ICU and the monitoring of the patient's nervous system, through the EEG signals to monitor the state of the brain. 1 straight 4 lead brain wave.

EEG bispectral index module (BIS): special monitoring function, and the aspect technology manufacturers, bispectral analysis of EEG, synchronization feature extraction, feature selection for the most clinically stable and, combined with these features formed BIS index. Studies have shown that, there are good correlation between BIS and inhaled and intravenous anesthetics dosage, bis in intensive care unit (ICU) is mainly used in monitoring of sedation, sedation level assessment and avoid excessive sedation or insufficient, doctor guidance plan and implementation of sedation.
Noninvasive cardiac output module (Nico): special monitoring function, in resistance against the law (ICG) in patients with measurement technology and direct Fick method noninvasive cardiac output measurement technology, thoracic impedance method is in patients with placement of four pairs of sensors, each measurement of cardiac blood volume changes caused by thoracic impedance changes, through changes in the impedance measurement calculation hemodynamic parameters and the direct Fick method is by oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production and arteriovenous oxygen difference calculation displacement of the heart.
Nerve muscle conduction monitoring module (NMT): special monitoring function, measurement of muscle stimulation of the contractile response, the most commonly used ulnar nerve, stimulating intensity and time can be adjusted to stimulate the response on the screen, the text suggests muscle relaxation, help to optimize the administration, surgical safety and recovery.
Respiratory dynamics module: special monitoring function, used for patients using ventilator or an anesthesia machine, by using a flow sensor, pressure sensor and related algorithm and obtain minute ventilation, tidal volume, peak expiratory flow (PEF), expiratory breath resistance, breath work, mean airway pressure (paw average), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), internal end expiratory positive pressure, respiratory frequency, dynamic compliance, respiratory volume ratio of respiratory mechanics data.
By skin oxygen partial pressure / carbon dioxide partial pressure module: special monitoring function, the non oxygen partial pressure and the carbon dioxide partial pressure measurement through the special sensor.
There are (ICO): special monitoring function, the traditional method of measuring cardiac output, 5% glucose 10ml, with another tube inserted into the pulmonary artery, measured temperature rise curve, calculated by the modified formula, the accuracy and repeatability is not high, must be measured continuously for two or three times.